Group 4..AMD6PC..Current Issues

Social Obstacles
1)Lack of access to education
There are two major factors which limit educational access which is poverty and a rapidly expanding population. We can see in the developing countries that the rapidly expanding populations are beyond the ability of the government to provide enough education opportunities to be equivalent with the number of population of the country. It is also an obstacle for the development of the country when the poverty causes the lack of access to education. The people can’t afford education because of the poverty.

Example:
The issue in Africa where most of the children did not receive education due to their poverty. According to research made in 2007, the percentage of illiteracy in Africa is very high. This is because they are not able to receive proper education due to the poverty problems. The lack of access to education in such situation will be the obstacles to the nation in achieving development. The development in Africa hard to be achieve since the people are lacking in term of the education. Without education, there is a lower chance for them to be develop since they don’t have the knowledge requirement.


2)Racism and Discrimination
Racism and Discrimination is one of the obstacles that can restrict the process of development. Racist practices hurt their victims, but they also limit the promise of entire societies where they are tolerated. They prevent individuals from realizing their potential and stop them from contributing fully to national progress. Development is comprehensive economy, social, cultural, political process that aims at constantly improving the well being of entire population on the basis of everyone active, free meaningful participation and the fair distribution of the available resources. Racism and other form of discrimination are not only human right violation but also major obstacles to achieve development. As we can see on 21st March 1960, police opened fire and killed 69 people at peaceful demonstration in South Africa against the Apartheid “pass laws”. 21st March has since then served not only to remind the international community of the dire consequences of racism but also to recall our obligation and determination to combat racial discrimination.

Example:
The issue of HINDRAF that is one of the social obstacles that brings to the instability in racism. Issue of HINDRAF arises when the Indian people f eel was discriminated and they want to stand for their right for justice. HINDRAF is illegal association and they did not recognize by the government in the form of establishment of that association. They doing many things such as strikes that can led to the conflict of races among the country indirectly the races particularly Indian community feel uncomfortable and can bring negative effect also the peaceful of the country had been obstruct.


Economic Obstacles
1)Too much dependence on the developed nations
When we too much depends on them (developed nations), if they are facing the recession or the economic problems then our country will also get the effect from the recession. We are not trying to be independence because if there are problems, then we will ask from them to solve the problems together. Suppose us trying to be independence so that we can solve our own problems by our own self in order for our country to develop to be a better country.

Example:
The issue is all about the Ringgit depreciates 4.5 percent in value against the American (US) dollar in 2008. This is because the economic in US is weak and the failure of several major investment banks there. The ringgit's depreciation in value against the US dollar was also in line with many other regional currencies that declined by 1.1 percent to 25.7 percent against the dollar. The ringgit also eased against the Singapore dollar by 4.2 percent in 2008. The factor of why ringgit depreciates compared to Singapore and US even their country is facing with the economic problem is because investors will usually avoid investing in emerging economies and will instead invest in developed markets especially during hard economic times. It means that the ringgit is not depreciates drastically because of the economic in US is still stable ,economic fundamentals were still strong and its foreign direct investments high.


2) Economic Instability
It was closely related to the economic recession that was happened in all over the world since early June 2008 until now. The effect of the recession is the increase of the price of goods. Apart from that, the companies do not affordable to continue the production since the increase of the price globally. So, as a result, they decide to terminate their workers and will save their budget as well. It can be as an effort to maintain their productivity without a lot of budget. Then, it totally will be as an obstacle to be developed because of lack of labor force. So, it will make other party will look down towards the country itself.

Example:
The issue of unemployment exists when the company wants to maintain their productivity. Based on assumption, 4000 Malaysian will be lost their job in this year. It was occurred because of the process of minimizing the number of workers as to imbalance the resources and products. In Mac, 4700 workers in Malaysia will be terminated and at the same time, 2000 workers will face the same problem. It is about 30% from Malaysian level as the whole. This problem not only happen in Malaysia, but Singapore also takes the same action as to save their country as to prevent the obstacles to be developing. They will terminate around 28,000 of Malaysian workers. It is because, without labor force, the productivity was down and the levels of economic also decrease. It was very important to the country because economic can be as an indicator to ensure either the country was develop or not.